I have been at Lindenwood since 2011 and served as the founding director of the Hammond Institute for Free Enterprise through July 2022. In addition, I have been a research fellow at the Show-Me Institute since 2011.

Prior to joining Lindenwood, I was a vice president and regional economics adviser at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. In addition, I spent ten years as an academic in the economics departments at West Virginia University and Birkbeck College, University of London.

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My main research fields have been in theoretical and empirical trade, although my more recent focus has been on modeling and estimating the macroeconomy as the interaction of regional and local economies.

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A native of Upstate New York, I received my BA in Economics from the State University of New York at Binghamton (1984) and my MA and PhD from the State University of New York at Buffalo (1986, 1989).